Who can be against progress? G.K. Chesterton points out the
problem. The problem with progress is that it does not mean anything. You
cannot have progress unless you have established what your goal is. Progress
itself cannot be a goal. Progress cannot be an ideal. Chesterton says, the word
“is simply a comparative of which we have not settled on the superlative.” In
Heretics (1908) pages 16-17 Chesterton writes:
Nobody has any business to use the word “progress” unless he
has a definite creed and a cast-iron code of morals. Nobody can be progressive
without being doctrinal; I might almost say that nobody can be progressive
without being infallible at any rate, without believing in some infallibility.
For progress by its very name indicates a direction; and the moment we are in
the least doubtful about the direction, we become in the same degree doubtful
about the progress. Never perhaps since the beginning of the world has there
been an age that had less right to use the word “progress” than we. In the
Catholic twelfth century, in the philosophic eighteenth century, the direction
may have been a good or a bad one, men may have differed more or less about how
far they went, and in what direction, but about the direction they did in the
main agree, and consequently they had the genuine sensation of progress. But it
is precisely about the direction that we disagree. Whether the future
excellence lies in more law or less law, in more liberty or less liberty;
whether property will be finally concentrated or finally cut up; whether sexual
passion will reach its sanest in an almost virgin intellectualism or in a full
animal freedom; whether we should love everybody with Tolstoy, or spare nobody
with Nietzsche;—these are the things about which we are actually fighting most.
It is not merely true that the age which has settled least what is progress is
this “progressive” age. It is, moreover, true that the people who have settled
least what is progress are the most “progressive” people in it. The ordinary
mass, the men who have never troubled about progress, might be trusted perhaps
to progress. The particular individuals who talk about progress would certainly
fly to the four winds of heaven when the pistol-shot started the race. I do
not, therefore, say that the word “progress” is unmeaning; I say it is
unmeaning without the previous definition of a moral doctrine, and that it can
only be applied to groups of persons who hold that doctrine in common. Progress
is not an illegitimate word, but it is logically evident that it is
illegitimate for us. It is a sacred word, a word which could only rightly be
used by rigid believers and in the ages of faith.
Good point!
If you would like to read more G.K. Chesterton you can go to
this page which is the Christian Classics Ethereal Library to read Heretics in
its entirety for free.
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